2022湖南成考英语复习总纲（高升专/高升本）书面表达（第五章）

第五章 书面表达

对于书面表达，无论高考还是成考，可按五步法进行：1、Structure(列提纲);2、Vocabularies(找词汇);3、Script(打草稿);4、Modifying(作修改);5、Lighting(出亮点)。以2016年全国各类成人高等学校招生考试高起点英语考前押题(二)为例(不参照范文)：

假设你是一个农村学生，进城看到河水被河水被严重污染，请写一篇议论污染的日记，内容包括以下几点：

1、河水颜色发黑，并发出臭味。

2、水里没有鱼，也没人游泳。

3、污染原因是附近的工厂往河里排放工业废水。

4、大家应保护环境，减少污染。

注意：

1、要符合日记的格式。

2、词数为100字左右

按照五步法：

1、Structure

文章可分为三部分：

Part 1 Statement (陈述现象)

Part 2 Reasons (分析原因)

Part 3 Advocating (发出倡议)

2、Vocabularies

Countryside, come from, to one’s surprise, pollute/be pollute with, visit, dark,terrible,chemical waste,it’s impossible for sb to do sth, swim, factory, throw...into, rubbish,pour, environment, environmental protection,all the time, solve,take action, take measures, prevent...from/stop...from, in addition,raise, awareness,in harmony with, care for/about, pour, create, government, hope that ,etc

When you make the world better for others, you make the world better for yourself.

3、Script

September 16,2012,Sunday cloudy

I am a middle school student and I come from countryside. One day, I went to the city to visit my classmates. To my surprise, on my way to the city, I saw the dark river in the city which smell terrible, It’s impossible for fish to live in such a dark river and nobody can swim.

Why does the phenomenon happen? Firstly, it is polluted with chemical waste from factories . Their waste is poured directly into the river all the time. Secondly, some people occasionally throw their rubbish into the river.

In my opinion, I think that our government should take measures to prevent the river from being polluted at once.besides,as a middle school student, we should take action to raise people’s awareness of environment protection.after all, When you make the world better for others, you make the world better for yourself.

4、Modifying

修改主要是检查时态、长短句搭配、词汇拼写、过渡词的衔接、文章全部信息是否全部覆盖等方面，如第一部分：I saw the dark river in the river which smell terrible, 这一句，前面用saw，遵循时态一致规律，后面smell应改为smelt.

第2段:Their waste is poured directly into the river all the time. all the time常和完成时态连用，故改成Their waste has been poured directly into the river all the time.

第3段:we should take action to raise people’s awareness of environment protection。修饰名词用形容词，故environment→environmental

5、Lighting

亮点就是文章在经过修改后在无错误情况下进行包装，体现在长短句的搭配、高级词汇的运用、过渡词的衔接、定语从句、状语从名、名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)、虚拟语气、强调句型、倒装句型、名人名言、非谓语动词等在文章中是否有体现，当然也不必全部面面俱到，稍用几个点缀一下就行了，如：

1、 I am a middle school student and I come from countryside. → I am a middle school student from countryside.

2、 I saw the dark river in the river which smell terrible, 这里用了一他定语从句，也可改为what I saw was a dark river in the city ,which smell terrible, 既有主语从句，又有一个非限制性定语从句。

3、 Why does the phenomenon happen? 也可改为强调句型what is it that happen?

4、 besides,过渡词可改为高级词汇in addition/what’s more.

这篇文章亮点之处还有许多，如：It’s impossible for fish to live in such a dark river and nobody can swim(句型使用). I think that our government should take measures to prevent the river from being polluted at once(宾语从句).take action ， raise people’s awareness of environment protection， take action(高级词江);When you make the world better for others, you make the world better for yourself(名人名言).等等。

总之，写作五步法有运用对于提高写作是一种有效的方式，当然这就要求考生掌握一定的词汇量，如果在书面表达中有最快速度提高写作水平，最简单方法就是背诵有一定代表性作文范文，近几年常考范文有关于环境保护类的、邀请类信、活动组织类的文章，主要考察考生交际沟通能力和环保意识。